QUESTION: Patients were randomly chosen to receive either the current treatment or the new treatment. Of the 150 patients that received the new treatment, 25 of them showed noticeable improvement. Of the 151 patients that received the current treatment, 8 showed noticeable improvement. A medical doctor who was an expert on the disease said the new treatment wasn’t superior to the old. Test this statement using alpha equal to .05 . Give the hypotheses, calculate the P value, state your conclusion, and give the confidence interval for the difference in improvement rates. ANSWER: I said the null hypothesis is that the new treatment is not superior to the old treatment, ie there is no noticeable improvement. The alternative hypothesis is that the new treatment is superior to the old, ie there is significant difference between the two treatments. For the p value of p1 > p2 i got .0008 which is less than the alpha .05 so we do not reject the Ho. The new treatment is not superior than the old. The confidence interval is .114 +- .071 or 4.3% to 18.5%. I am 95% confident that the improvements for the disease is between 4.3 and 18.5 percent.
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